时间的玫瑰
这是第一段原文:
The force that through the green
fuse drives the flower
Drives my green age; that blasts the roots of
trees
Is my destroyer.
And I am dumb to tell the crooked rose
My youth
is bent by the same wintry fever.
这里应该没什么冷僻的词汇。前三句是一小节,后两句是另一小节。看过《星球大战》(Star War)的一定都记得,恶战和远征之前洛克(Luke)总要受用一句福咒:May the
Force BE with you。Tomas在这里说的Force,也是同样:神秘、巨大、无所不在、贯穿宇宙和时间。力,可以催生万物(The force that through the green fuse drives the
flower/Drives my green age),也可以毁灭一切(that
blasts the roots of trees/Is my destroyer.)。fuse和blasts把这Force之猛烈推到你的眼前:fuse是导火索,blasts意为爆炸,生或死都是迅猛而不可挡,一切似乎发生在瞬间。诗句中音乐感极佳,如第一句中Force、Fuse和Flower都是以F-作辅音为首,blasTS the rooTS of treeS又都以[S]结尾。Green
fuse和Green age,连用两个Green,指生命的成长,也暗含生命一旦不得不面对逆势之力时的脆弱。Is my destroyer,嘎然而止,以悲情作结。如果roots可以被blasts,玫瑰自然凋折(crooked
rose),这Force既然作用于万物,Tomas说:我们(我和玫瑰)同病(My
youth is bent by the same wintry fever)。“I am dumb
to”意指:I am so overpowered, that I am unable
to。在这里以及后面的几端都表达一种状态:如此之敬畏以至于不敢或不能。
若此啰里啰唆,一是为了以我读懂的给读者做一个参考。更主要的是想证明我的观点:诗是可读而不可译的。这是北岛的翻译:
通过绿色导火索催开花朵的力量
催开我绿色年华,炸毁树根的力量
是我的毁灭者。
而我哑然告知弯曲的玫瑰
我的青春同样被冬天的高烧压弯。
前一句半,翻得是准的,但Force对应更直接的是“力”而不是“力量”。但如果用“力”,就很难成句。对比原诗,前面三句中的乐感一点都找不到了,催生和毁灭之力的对比也大不如原诗,我相信Tomas在念到一句半后,一定是在第二个“That”那里顿一下。用中文念,也可以在“炸毁”那里略停,用重声念,但效果差得太远。第三句如果一定要翻,我不明白为什么不简单明了的一句“也毁灭我”。语气上要和原来符合得多。《时间的玫瑰》中用的四个译本,三个用“我的毁灭者”一个用“摧毁我的一切”,实在有些罗嗦。“哑然告知”是败笔,所有的译本都一定要把“告知”译出来,而不是想法传达那种敬畏的状态。
我有高招吗,没有。我的Point是,能读原诗,就别译了。导读应该导读原诗,还顺便帮助学英语不是?如今十亿人民九亿都在大学英语,谁怕谁啊?:)
age;
that blasts the roots of trees Is my destroyer.
也腐朽它的根让其彻底毁灭
我无言的面对着枯萎的玫瑰
是寒冬结束了它们的青春
Drives my green
age; that blasts the roots of trees
Is my destroyer.
And I am dumb to tell
the crooked rose
My youth is bent by the same wintry fever.
Drives my red blood;
that dries the mouthing streams
Turns mine to wax.
And I am dumb to mouth
unto my veins
How at the mountain spring the same mouth sucks.
Stirs the quicksand; that
ropes the blowing wind
Hauls my shroud sail.
And I am dumb to tell the
hanging man
How of my clay is made the hangman's lime.
Love drips and gathers, but
the fallen blood
Shall calm her sores.
And I am dumb to tell a weather's
wind
How time has ticked a heaven round the stars.
How at my sheet goes the same
crooked worm.
Dylan Thomas, the most important British poet in 1940s. He was born in
Wales. His father was schoolteacher. Thomas disliked theory and abstraction, so
he was a very poor student at school and he left it on his sixteenth birthday.
But he liked to read English poetry and published his first book Eighteen
Poems (1934) when he was 19. He was a brilliant talker and very sociable but
reckless and impulsive in his way of life and unable to manage his money, so he
often went poor. He hated the rich and called himself a “Communist”, he had no
interest in politics. He went to the United States thrice to make money and he
died from alcoholism and pneumonia on the way of the last journey there. He
wrote in a highly individual and even obscure way, he was always subject to
strong emotional ups and downs but he was never cynical. The vitality and warmth
of his poetry form a sharp contrast with the coldness and despair expressed by
most of the poets of his time.
穿过绿色茎管催动花朵的力
催动我绿色的年华;摧毁树根的力
摧毁我的一切。
我无言相告佝偻的玫瑰,
同样的寒冬热病压弯了我的青春。
催动流水穿透岩石的力
催动我鲜红的血液;驱使溪流干涸的力
驱使我的血流凝结。
我无言相告我的血管,
同是这张嘴怎样吸干山间的清泉。
搅动一泓池水旋转的手
搅动沙的流动;牵动风向的手
扯动我尸布般的风帆。
我无言相告那绞死的人,
我的泥土怎样制成那刽子手的石灰。
时间的嘴唇水蛭般贴近泉眼;
爱滴落又相聚,但是流淌的血
一定会抚慰她的伤痛。
我无言相告一个气候的风,
时光怎么围绕星星滴答出一个天堂。
我无言相告情人的墓穴,
我的被褥上蠕动着同样的蛆虫。
Yours Sincerely,
sog.white
http://spaces.msn.com/members/sogwhite/
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